Lead and Copper
Background Overview
In 2021, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) released Lead and Copper Rule Revisions (LCRR) requirements that public water systems must comply with starting on October 16, 2024, as outlined in the Lead and Copper Improvement (LCRI) proposal. These requirements include the initial service
line inventory, notification to persons served of known or potential lead service line, Tier 1 public notification of a lead action level exceedance, and associated reporting requirements.
The Lead and Copper Rule (LCR) protects public health by minimizing lead and copper levels in drinking water, primarily by reducing water corrosivity. Lead and copper enter drinking water mainly from plumbing materials containing lead and copper. All community water systems (CWSs) and non-transient non-community water systems (NTNCWSs) are subject to LCR requirements.
Figure 1. A diagram of the distinction between the service line ownership of the water system and the customer. (Source: Hazen and Sawyer)
Background Overview
In 2021, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) released Lead and Copper Rule Revisions (LCRR) requirements that public water systems must comply with starting on October 16, 2024, as outlined in the Lead and Copper Improvement (LCRI) proposal. These requirements include the initial service
line inventory, notification to persons served of known or potential lead service line, Tier 1 public notification of a lead action level exceedance, and associated reporting requirements.
The Lead and Copper Rule (LCR) protects public health by minimizing lead and copper levels in drinking water, primarily by reducing water corrosivity. Lead and copper enter drinking water mainly from plumbing materials containing lead and copper. All community water systems (CWSs) and non-transient non-community water systems (NTNCWSs) are subject to LCR requirements.
Figure 1. A diagram of the distinction between the service line ownership of the water system and the customer. (Source: Hazen and Sawyer)
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Lead and Copper Inventory Results and Additional Resources
Share Lead and Copper Inventory Results and Additional Resources on Facebook Share Lead and Copper Inventory Results and Additional Resources on Twitter Share Lead and Copper Inventory Results and Additional Resources on Linkedin Email Lead and Copper Inventory Results and Additional Resources linkTo comply with state and federal regulations, results for the City of Avondale’s Lead and Copper Inventory Project can be found online at 120Water using the following link: https://pws-ptd.120wateraudit.com/CityofAvondale-AZ. Customers will be notified if their service line material is lead, galvanized, or an unknown material.
For additional information on Lead and Copper regulations, visit the Arizona Department of Environmental Quality’s website at https://azdeq.gov/LeadCopperRule or the Environmental Protection Agency’s website at https://www.epa.gov/dwreginfo/lead-and-copper-rule.
To comply with state and federal regulations, results for the City of Avondale’s Lead and Copper Inventory Project can be found online at 120Water using the following link: https://pws-ptd.120wateraudit.com/CityofAvondale-AZ. Customers will be notified if their service line material is lead, galvanized, or an unknown material.
For additional information on Lead and Copper regulations, visit the Arizona Department of Environmental Quality’s website at https://azdeq.gov/LeadCopperRule or the Environmental Protection Agency’s website at https://www.epa.gov/dwreginfo/lead-and-copper-rule.
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What are the Health Effects of Lead?
Share What are the Health Effects of Lead? on Facebook Share What are the Health Effects of Lead? on Twitter Share What are the Health Effects of Lead? on Linkedin Email What are the Health Effects of Lead? linkIf present, elevated levels of lead can cause serious health problems, especially for pregnant women and young children. Lead in drinking water is primarily from materials and components associated with service lines and home plumbing. The City of Avondale is responsible for providing high quality drinking water, however, cannot control the variety of materials used in plumbing components. When your water has been sitting for several hours, you can minimize the potential for lead exposure by flushing your tap from 30 seconds to 2 minutes before using water for drinking or cooking. If you are concerned about lead in your water, you may wish to have your water tested. Information on lead in drinking water, testing methods, and steps you can take to minimize exposure is available from the Safe Drinking Water Hotline (800- 426-4791) and at www.epa.gov/safewater/lead.
If present, elevated levels of lead can cause serious health problems, especially for pregnant women and young children. Lead in drinking water is primarily from materials and components associated with service lines and home plumbing. The City of Avondale is responsible for providing high quality drinking water, however, cannot control the variety of materials used in plumbing components. When your water has been sitting for several hours, you can minimize the potential for lead exposure by flushing your tap from 30 seconds to 2 minutes before using water for drinking or cooking. If you are concerned about lead in your water, you may wish to have your water tested. Information on lead in drinking water, testing methods, and steps you can take to minimize exposure is available from the Safe Drinking Water Hotline (800- 426-4791) and at www.epa.gov/safewater/lead.
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What is the City of Avondale Doing to Address Lead and Copper?
Share What is the City of Avondale Doing to Address Lead and Copper? on Facebook Share What is the City of Avondale Doing to Address Lead and Copper? on Twitter Share What is the City of Avondale Doing to Address Lead and Copper? on Linkedin Email What is the City of Avondale Doing to Address Lead and Copper? linkThe City of Avondale has been monitoring lead and copper in homes in accordance with the Lead and Copper rule since the original rule came out in 1992. In addition, the City has remained in compliance with the LCR and not exceeded the regulatory action levels for either lead or copper.
The lead service line inventory requirement as a part of the LCRI includes a physical verification of services installed pre-1990 which the City anticipates to complete with results by October 16, 2024. City of Avondale Public Works staff may have conducted inspections at your property and other properties across Avondale to further finalize the City’s inventory.
The City of Avondale has been monitoring lead and copper in homes in accordance with the Lead and Copper rule since the original rule came out in 1992. In addition, the City has remained in compliance with the LCR and not exceeded the regulatory action levels for either lead or copper.
The lead service line inventory requirement as a part of the LCRI includes a physical verification of services installed pre-1990 which the City anticipates to complete with results by October 16, 2024. City of Avondale Public Works staff may have conducted inspections at your property and other properties across Avondale to further finalize the City’s inventory.
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The Types of Classifications for Service Lines are Defined as One of the Following:
Share The Types of Classifications for Service Lines are Defined as One of the Following: on Facebook Share The Types of Classifications for Service Lines are Defined as One of the Following: on Twitter Share The Types of Classifications for Service Lines are Defined as One of the Following: on Linkedin Email The Types of Classifications for Service Lines are Defined as One of the Following: linkLead: A portion of the pipe is made of lead, which connects the water main to the building inlet.
Galvanized Requiring Replacement (GRR): A galvanized service line that is or ever was downstream of an LSL or is currently downstream of an unknown service line.
Non-Lead: The service line is determined not to be lead or GRR through an evidence-based record, method, or technique.
Unknown: The service line material is not known to be a lead, GRR, or non-lead, such as where there is no documented evidence supporting material classification. EPA recommends you track additional information in your inventory, such as pipe diameter and installation date, source of material information, actual material of nonlead lines, and other lead sources (e.g., lead goosenecks and solder).

Photo Source: EPA
Lead: A portion of the pipe is made of lead, which connects the water main to the building inlet.
Galvanized Requiring Replacement (GRR): A galvanized service line that is or ever was downstream of an LSL or is currently downstream of an unknown service line.
Non-Lead: The service line is determined not to be lead or GRR through an evidence-based record, method, or technique.
Unknown: The service line material is not known to be a lead, GRR, or non-lead, such as where there is no documented evidence supporting material classification. EPA recommends you track additional information in your inventory, such as pipe diameter and installation date, source of material information, actual material of nonlead lines, and other lead sources (e.g., lead goosenecks and solder).

Photo Source: EPA
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The City has adopted the International Association for Public Participation (IAP2) spectrum as part of the overall strategy to guide public engagement in projects. The spectrum helps us determine goals and keep our promise! The levels of engagement are:
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